Adler and Freud created very different theories, even though both men grew up in the same city in the same era and were educated as physicians at the same university:

The correct response is true because Alfred Adler and Sigmund Freud indeed developed vastly different psychological theories despite their shared background. Both were influenced by their experiences in Vienna and their medical education, but their approaches to understanding human behavior diverged significantly.

Freud focused on the role of the unconscious mind, emphasizing internal drives, particularly sexual and aggressive instincts, as primary motivators of behavior. His therapeutic approach often concentrated on exploring these unconscious processes through techniques like free association and dream analysis.

In contrast, Adler's theory highlighted the importance of social factors and the individual's sense of belonging and community. He introduced concepts such as social interest and the drive for superiority, asserting that personal growth is achieved through overcoming feelings of inferiority and engaging positively with others.

These fundamental differences showcase how their personal philosophies and experiences shaped contrasting views of human nature, indicating why the answer is true.